Immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) technologies can enrich teaching and learning environments, but often their use is technology-driven and instructional concepts are missing. The design of iVR-technology-supported learning environments should base on both, an evidence-based educational model as well as on features specific to   iVR. Therefore, the article provides a framework for the use of iVR in learning environments based on the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). It  outlines how  i VR learning environments can and should be designed  based on current knowledge from research on Multimedia Learning.